Basic Electronics
Publish date: Sep 17, 2019
Last updated: Apr 22, 2020
Last updated: Apr 22, 2020
IMAGE GALLERY (8)
How to make circuits, what we want them to do?
Water Analogy
- Voltage
- Pressure
- Flow
- Current
- Actuators
- produces motion
- breakout-board
bundled cable and “breaks out” each conductor to a terminal that can easily accept a hook-up wire for distribution to another device.
Wirk app to create GUI and mobile apps for IOT
Basic Electronics laws
- Ohms Law
- Kirchhoff’s circuit laws
- Current entering a junction equals the current leaving the junction
Standard notations used
Vdd :Voltage Drain Drain
Vss :Voltage Source Source
Capacitors
- Quick surge of charge, otherwise similar to battery1
- Flash bulbs, cameras, starter motor, audio amplifiers
- DIfferent from Battery as it Can Charge and DIscharge very quickly
- SMOOTHING AC current effect, else leds would be flickering
- When polarity changes, capacitors discharge to provide power supply to circuit
Components
- Heat Sink - remove heat from delicate componenets and increase their lifetime
- Thermal Interface Material
- No 2 metals will meet up perfectly
- Fill in these micro gaps
- Resistors
- Control i/p voltage for componenets like LEDs, capacitors etc. to avoid damage to circuit
- Polarity doesnt matter
- Diods
- Allows flow of current in one direction and not the other
BC547
- POlarity matters
- Forwars Bias
- Reverse Bias
- Breakdown mode
- Protection Diod
- PRevents accital damage to circuit when wrong polarity of power is applied
- Hookup wires
- solid core wire
- Voltage Regulator
- Takes in regulated voltage and spits out regulated constant voltage
- New alternative - Buck converter or voltage step-down converter
- Switch Mode Power Supply
- Solderless Breadboards are not good for
RF
projects *
How to analyze circuits?
*
Resistor-Capicitor (RC) lowpass Filters
- Filter Circuits
- change frequency content of signal
- Music Equalizer settings
- Low pass filter - LPF
- is a filter that passes signals with a frequency lower than a selected cutoff frequency and attenuates signals with frequencies higher than the cutoff frequency.
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBM5T5_kgdI
How to create a LPF hardware ?
- Filter introduces a shift in phase
- Changes the signal amplitude
- Bode Plott
- cut off frequency2 of filter equation
DIY cheap projects
- Ice-cream stick single motor car
- cola Bottle caps as wheels
- Light thermocol
- Cheap plastics cups, join them to make interesting shapes
- Cardboard
- Amazing DIY toys
- Plastic bottles as casing
- Old CD disks
- Toothpase case
Similarly
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RL_circuit
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LC_circuit
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RLC_circuit
- What is Inductance?
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ukBFPrXiKWA
- Magnetic fields do not like to change